Inflammatory Disease: Biomarker and Thiopurine Pharmacogenomic Testing (CPB 0249, reviewed 2026-04-27)
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and rheumatoid arthritis, TPMT gene or phenotypic testing is medically necessary before starting 6-mercaptopurine or azathioprine, with only one TPMT assay per member per lifetime, and NUDT15 gene analysis is medically necessary before starting any thiopurine (azathioprine, mercaptopurine or thioguanine). For IBD, fecal calprotectin is medically necessary for managing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and for distinguishing IBD from irritable bowel syndrome, fecal lactoferrin is medically necessary for distinguishing IBD from irritable bowel syndrome, and 6-thioguanine nucleotide and 6-methylmercaptopurine nucleotide measurements are medically necessary to monitor compliance in patients not responding to 6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine therapy and to assess suspected toxicity. Many other biomarkers, antibody panels and genetic tests, including NOD2/CARD15 genotyping, PredictSURE IBD, Monitr Crohn's Disease Test and procalcitonin measurement, are considered experimental, investigational or unproven.