Injectable Bulking Agents for the Treatment of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
Carbon-coated spheres, calcium hydroxylapatite, polyacrylamide hydrogel, or polydimethylsiloxane may be considered medically necessary to treat stress urinary incontinence in men and women who have failed appropriate conservative therapy. Autologous cellular therapy, autologous fat, autologous ear chondrocytes, and any other periurethral bulking agent, including Teflon, are investigational for stress urinary incontinence. Periurethral bulking agents for urge urinary incontinence and perianal bulking agents for fecal incontinence are also investigational.