Functional Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
Functional neuromuscular electrical stimulation using any device is considered investigational for all indications, including ambulation in individuals with spinal cord injury, restoring upper or lower extremity function in individuals with nerve damage, improving ambulation in individuals with foot drop caused by congenital disorders or nerve damage, and treatment of pain. There is not enough research to show that NMES improves health outcomes for individuals with spinal cord injury, stroke, congenital disorders, nerve damage, pain, or other conditions, and additional randomized controlled trials comparing this combined therapy to standard treatment are needed. Contracts exclude from coverage services or procedures that are considered investigational, and providers may bill members for them.